Ungazibona kanjani ama-bolts wensimbi engagqwali?

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthatha isinqumo sokunquma ama-bolts afanele ngezinto zokwakha ozisebenzisayo nezemvelo oyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuzoba ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezibonakalayo zenziwa ama-bolts. Ikakhulu lapho imvelo oyitholakala kuyo i-WET, i-Swoment, noma kungenzeka iholele ezintweni zakho ze-corlode ukukwazi ukubona ukuthi iphrojekthi yensimbi engagqwali ingaba yisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukugcwala noma izinkinga zakho.

Kodwa-ke, ukukhomba ama-bolts ensimbi angagqwali kungenzeka akwanele njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zeama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali. Kungaleso sizathu kule ndatshana sizokuhlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zakho zizohlala zisesimweni esiyinhloko ngaso sonke isikhathi.

 

Yini insimbi engagqwali?

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokukhomba insimbi engenacala ukuqonda ukuthi i-steel engenasici empeleni iyi. Insimbi engenasici i-alloy eyaziwa kakhulu ngokumelana kakhulu nokugqwala nokugqwala. Insimbi evamile engenasici izofaka okungenani amaphesenti ayi-10,5 i-chromium, kanye ne-nickel evame kakhulu. Ezinye izinto eziningi zingezelwe engxube engasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi i-alloy izoba nezakhiwo ozifunayo, njengekhabhoni. Uma izinga le-chromium lingamaphesenti angu-10,5 noma ngaphezulu ngaleso sikhathi, ungqimba olungaphezulu lunefomu eliyinkimbinkimbi le-chrome - Ukuvimba ama-athomu o-opygen ukuthi angena ensimbi. I-oksijini yokuxhumana nensimbi ingahle iholele ekujuleni kokuthi kungani leloya liyisizathu sokuthi kungani kuthathwa ngensimbi engagqwali.

 

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zensimbi engenasici?

Insimbi engenasici inezinhlobo ezahlukene ezincike engxube yezinto ezisetshenziswe ku-alloy kanye noshintsho kwisakhiwo samangqamuzana esibonakalayo. Izinhlobo ezine zensimbi engenasici "

Insimbi Engagqwali Engagqwali: Ifomu lensimbi engenasici elinamanani aphezulu we-nickel ne-chromium futhi livame ukufaka i-molybdenum, manganese kanye ne-nitrogen.

I-Duplex (Aucen - Ferrite) Insimbi engenasici: Indlela yensimbi engenasici kangangokuba amagama aqukethe i-aucen kanye ne-ferrite ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, lokho ngamaphesenti angama-50 ento ngayinye. Lokhu kungasiza ukukwenza ukuwohloka kwe- - ukumelana futhi kube nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini.

I-Ferritic Insimbi Engagqwali: Indlela yensimbi engenacala enokuqukethwe kwe-chromium cishe ngamaphesenti angama-10,5 kuya kwangama-30 nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngamaphesenti angaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-0,20. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yizibuthe.

Insimbi Engagqwali Yesiqhingi: Indlela yokuvumela insimbi engenasici ehlukaniswe yisakhiwo sayo se-crystal.

 

Yiluphi uhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali elisetshenziswa kuma-fasteners?

Lapho ukhuluma nge-fasteners amabanga amabili ensimbi engenasici ajwayele ukusetshenziswa. Lawa ngamabanga okuhweba amabanga angama-304 ama-fasteners angenasici kanye neBanga lasolwandle lama-316 ama-fasteners angenasici. Okugcina kwalokhu kungukukhulisa okwengeziwe - ukumelana.

 

Ayini amabanga angenasici [{0}}?

Lapho ubhekisela kumabanga angenasici angenalutho lokho esikhuluma ngakho ukuthi kuhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani futhi kungamelana nokugqwala kanye nokushisa okuqukethwe. Kukhona nezinye izici ezimbalwa ezingabhekwa lapho zichaza ibanga lensimbi engenacala.

Imvamisa, lapho ubheka amamaki ahlukene wensimbi engenasici lokho esizothola ukuthi anezilinganiso ezihluke ngokuphelele ze-chromium, molybderum, ikhabhoni kanye ne-nickel. Ukuhlukahluka kumanani ento ngayinye kufakwe ku-alloy kuzoba nomthelela ezicini zensimbi engenasici futhi kuzonquma ukuthi yiliphi ibanga le-alloy lokugcina likhona.

Ngokuya ngenhloso futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, imvelo ozobe ubeka ama-bolts akho kuwe ungabheka amabanga ahlukile wensimbi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho ngeke ichithwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kunezindawo ezimbili zokubala ezijwayelekile zebanga uma kukhulunywa ngensimbi engagqwali ochungechungeni lwango-200 no-300, kwalezi zinto zokugcina zivame kakhulu. La mabanga amabili asetshenziswa emafutheni ngokujwayelekile angu-304 no-316, futhi kwesinye isikhathi abizwa ngokuthi amabanga a2 nama-A4 ngokulandelana.

 

Insimbi yeBanga 304 Inani?

Ibanga 304 luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwensimbi engenasici. Inayo noma kukuphi phakathi kwamaphesenti ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12 ama-nickel namaphesenti angama-20 ama-chromium. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokumelana kakhulu nokugqwala kanye ne-oxidation yingakho isetshenziswa kaningi ezindaweni lapho kulungiswa khona ukudla kwenzeka. Imishini eminingi yasendlini eyenziwe ngensimbi engenacala yenziwa kuleli banga.

 

Yini i-grade 316 insimbi engagqwali?

Imvamisa ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Marine grade yensimbi engenacala lokhu okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-chromium cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-16 kuya kwayi-18 nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nickel kwamaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwayi-14 kuya kwayi-14. Okubaluleke kakhulu ngokuvamile kuvame ukufaka into eyengeziwe, i-molybdenum ngesilinganiso esingamaphesenti ama-2 kuya kwayi-3. Lokhu kwenza leli banga lensimbi engenacala lihle kakhulu ekugwemeni ukugqwala kusuka kusawoti. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi engenasici luvame ukusetshenziswa lapho wazi ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho yokwakha kuzodingeka ukuthi ibhekane ne-brine eningi noma emanzini olwandle njengoba kulula kakhulu ukuhlanza futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi ngezinsimbi.

 

Ungayibona kanjani insimbi engagqwali?

Insimbi engenasici ngokuvamile ingabonakala ngomthunzi wayo wombala. Imvamisa inomthunzi othize wempunga okubonakala sengathi i-gradient isuka ekukhanyeni kuya emnyama kuye emnyama ngokuya nge-angle oyibonayo. Kukhona futhi ukuqedwa okuhle kakhulu okuvame ukubonakala ngensimbi engenasici. Lokhu kufana nephethini ebikiwe kakhulu ebonakala njengohlobo olucwebezelayo noma kunalokho kuthi i-satin iqede kukho konke ukuthinta neso.

Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola nokuthi ama-bolts akho anezimpawu zekhanda. Uma kunjalo ukuthola ukuthi kwenziwa ngensimbi engenasici kulula njengoba ukumaka kuzoba yindlela yokuthi wazi amandla ashubile kanye nebanga lensimbi le-bolt.

Yini eyenza ama-bolts ensimbi angenasici afuneka kangaka?

Ama-bolts ensimbi angenasici abe evamile ekwakheni ngoba ayaziwa ngokuphila kwawo. Iqiniso lokuthi lokhu okubonakalayo akunakwenzeka ukuthi kukona isikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusho ukuthi kuyindlela ephephe kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezinsimbi ezingenazo lezi zakhiwo. Amamaki ahlukene wensimbi engenasici abuye asiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ungahlala uthola imvume ezokwazi ukulingana nezidingo zakho ngqo.

Yini izakhiwo zensimbi engenasici?

Insimbi engenasici inezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile yingakho ziye zaba yinto ethembekile.

Izakhiwo zayo eziyinhloko zihlobene nokuqina kwazo nokumelana kakhulu ne-oxidation, ukugqwala, kanye namazinga okushisa athe xaxa. Yaziwa nangokuthi amandla ayo aphezulu aphezulu kanye nobulukhuni be-cryogenic. Ngokuya ngephrojekthi osebenza kuyo enye yezinto zayo ezingenza kube yindlela engcono kakhulu kuwe ukuthi inempendulo ephansi kazibuthe, kanye nokushisa okuphansi kanye nokuvuselelwa kukagesi kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zensimbi ezisetshenzisiwe.

 

Uhlobo luni lomqedi wensimbi engagqwali okufanele ukhethe?

Okunye okukhethiwe okufanele kwenziwe lapho kusetshenziswa i-fasteners yensimbi engenasici ukunquma ngohlobo lokuqeda ongathanda ukuthi ama-bolts akho abe nawo. Imvamisa lokhu kufaka ukuqeda kwamehlo noma ukuqeda okuqinile. Lesi sakamuva singaba kubi ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho izinhlayiya zemizuzu eminingi zisendaweni oyiyo njengoba zingababamba futhi zibangele ukugcwala ku-bolts yakho.

Ngabe kukhona amacala lapho ufuna ukugwema khona ukusebenzisa i-fasteners yensimbi engenasici?

Ngenkathi izakhiwo zensimbi engenasici zingase zikwenze kubonakale sengathi le nsimbi iyimpendulo kuzo zonke izidingo zakho zokukhiqiza nezidingo zephrojekthi, lokho akulona iqiniso. Ngenkathi insimbi engenacala ingaba inketho enhle emacaleni amaningi kunokunye okuhlukile kumthetho ozokwenza insimbi engagqwali inketho engalungile.

Kulaba, okubaluleke kakhulu okuhlobene nokugqwala kwe-galvanic okwenzeka lapho izinsimbi ezimbili ezingafani zithinta ukuxhumana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenzisa insimbi engagqwali nezinye izinsimbi ezithile, ikakhulukazi lapho okuhlanganisiwe kungamanzi kungaholela ekugcekeni kwe-galvanic. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokungeza umgoqo ohlukanisa izinsimbi ezimbili, ezinjenge-basher ye-nylon. Ngenkathi kungasiza ekunciphiseni amathuba okugqwala kukhona njalo ubungozi bamanzi noma umswakama odlula kwenye insimbi kuya kolunye futhi ubangela ukugqwala.

 

Isiphetho:

Ukuhlonza izinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi engenasici zingaba lula kakhulu uma uthola ukuqonda okuhle ngombala kanye nokuqedela okutholakalayo. Ukuqonda amamaki ahlukene nokumakwa kungakusiza futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi eziningi ngohlobo lwensimbi engenasici ephambi kwakho, kanye nohlobo lwama-fasteners okufanele uwasebenzise kwiphrojekthi yakho elandelayo.

 

 

Ufuna ama-fasteners?
Chofoza ngezansi ukuze udlulise amehlo kukhathalogi ebanzi ye-Aya Fallenders 'ebanzi, kufaka phakathi izikulufo ezisezingeni eliphakeme -, ama-bolts, ama-washer, nemikhiqizo yamantongomane.